Chickasaw Indians
This timeline is one of the best summaries I've found for Northeast Arkansas. We have had several flags fly over our area in early history--Spanish, French, District of Missouri, District of Arkansas, United States.
From:”Chickasawba”,
H. Terry Childs and Charles H. McNutt, The Arkansas Archeologist, Vol 48,
Arkansas Archeology Society, Fayetteville, AR, 2009, pg 28
Part
of section entitled: The Local Historic Period (Childs)
Chickasawba Region (North Mississippi County Area)
Historic Period Time Line:
Historic Period Time Line:
1541 June 18 Hernando
De Soto expedition crosses the Mississippi River into Present-day Arkansas (Clayton et al. 1993)
June 29 De Soto, accompanied by foot soldiers, cavalry, and a
large contingent of Casqui Indians,
comes to frontier town of Pacaha. Remains in Pacaha until July 28 or approx one
month (Clayton et al. 1993)
1673 Marquette and Jolliet descend Mississippi River. Observe
great decrease in native population (Phillips et al.)
1951:419). Below the Ohio, the first town mentioned is Mitchigamea, located near the 33rd degree of latitude. The next village, Akamsea, was ca 40 km down-river. It is believed that the occupants of the latter village were Quapaw. (Morse and Morse 1983:316-317; Phillips et al. 1951:402-403)
1951:419). Below the Ohio, the first town mentioned is Mitchigamea, located near the 33rd degree of latitude. The next village, Akamsea, was ca 40 km down-river. It is believed that the occupants of the latter village were Quapaw. (Morse and Morse 1983:316-317; Phillips et al. 1951:402-403)
1682 LaSalle Expedition build Fort Prudhomme on
Chickasaw Bluffs, hunts in present-day Ms Co, Arkansas.
Claims region for France. (Goodspeed 1889:450)
1686 Tonti’s expedition, establishment of Arkansas Post
(Delanglex 1944)
1712 Louis XIV grants A. Crozat a 15-year
monopoly for granting lands, mines, and trade in region including northeast Arkansas (Thomas 1930)
1722 French historian Charlevoix passed down Mississippi
River and visits Indians in the area. No permanent settlements observed (Goodspeed 1889:450)
1762 Prior to defeat in the French and Indian
wars, Louis XV or France secretly gives “Louisiana” west of the Mississippi River to his cousin Charles III of Spain.
Transfer ratified the following year. (Presson
1957:92)
1765 Map by Lt. John Ross first reference to
Prunes River. Surveys western boundary of British territory after French and Indian War (BCN, December 31, 1999)
1785 A few Spanish and French traders located at
Barfield Point, at the head of Canadian Reach. No permanent settlements are in area during the 1700’s (Goodspeed
1889:450)
1795 Spain recognizes Mississippi River as the western boundary of the US, grants free navigation rights on river. (Pinckney’s Treaty a.k.a. Treaty of San Lorenzo) (Walker 1971:5)
1795 Spain recognizes Mississippi River as the western boundary of the US, grants free navigation rights on river. (Pinckney’s Treaty a.k.a. Treaty of San Lorenzo) (Walker 1971:5)
1799 White and Black population of Arkansas recorded as
386 (Reynolds 1908:214)
1800 Spain cedes Arkansas back to French by
Tready of San Ildefonso (Walker 1971:5)
1801 Zadok Cramer begins publication of
Navigator: Assigns numbers to island in Mississippi River (Cramer 1808)
1803 Louisiana Purchase. Arkansas region obtained by
the US (Bolton 1998:24)
1808 Governor Chouteau’s treaty with chiefs of Big and Little Osage, ceding 14,830,432 acres, including MS Co Ar (Hempstead 1911:55-56; Reynolds 1908:214-215)
1808 Governor Chouteau’s treaty with chiefs of Big and Little Osage, ceding 14,830,432 acres, including MS Co Ar (Hempstead 1911:55-56; Reynolds 1908:214-215)
1810 First census shows 1,062 Whites and Blacks in
Arkansas. Most people (874) living along the Arkansas River. (Reynolds
1908:214)
Note: Native Americans were not counted.
Note: Native Americans were not counted.
1811-1812 Great Shakes, the New Madrid Earthquakes.
The “Little Pemiscoe River,” that parallels the
Mississippi at a distance of ca 12 miles empties into the St. Francis, fills with sand
(Fletcher 1812)
(Dell was originally on the Pemiscot Bayou)
(Dell was originally on the Pemiscot Bayou)
1812 First steamboat passes Mississippi Co enroute to New Orleans
from Pittsburg (Goodspeed 1889:451)
1812-1819 District of Arkansas attached to Missouri
Territory (Walker 1917:6)
A Chickasaw Indian
1819 Arkansas Territory created (Presson
1957:127)
1828 *Captain Charles Bowen settles at Barfield
Point. Gives account of Chief Chickasawba and also fortified Indian site at Barfield Landing (Edrington 1962:24-25;
Goodspeed 1889:451-452, 470)
1830 **Crawford family settles at North Sawba.
Speak of friendliness of local Chickasaw Indians and their chief, Chickasawba (McCall 1994)
1832 Elijah Buford settles on top of the largest
mound at Barfield Point. Builds house and plants garden on top of a mound. At this location are “immense mounds surrounded by
ditches” (Goodspeed 1889:447)
1836 Arkansas becomes a state
** A few of the descendents of the Crawford family settled in the Dell area.
1836 Arkansas becomes a state
***********************************
Notes: *Descendents of Charles Bowen influenced the formation of the town of Dell. The Moody's of Dell are also connected to the Bowens.** A few of the descendents of the Crawford family settled in the Dell area.
